Abstract

Abstract

This thesis addresses the urgent global requirement for efficient energy storage materials by developing and characterizing advanced graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based electrode materials for supercapacitors. A facile, low-cost thermal polymerization method produces 2D nitrogen-rich GCN nanosheets exhibiting excellent electrochemical stability and wide voltage windows, enabling symmetric devices with 19.33 Wh/kg energy density and remarkable cycling stability over 21,000 cycles. To overcome intrinsic limitations of pristine GCN, a 3D/2D metal free composite with bio-derived carbon (Bio-Cx) is synthesized, delivering high capacitance, wide potential windows, and ultrahigh energy density of 53.72 Wh/kg in asymmetric configurations paired with mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon (MPNDC). Extensive physicochemical and electrochemical analysis elucidates charge storage mechanisms, stability, and synergistic effects of composite architectures, confirming their dual functionality as positive and negative electrodes. This work advances the fundamental understanding and practical deployment of metal-free, sustainable, high-performance supercapacitor electrodes targeting scalable renewable energy storage technologies.

School

School of Sciences and Engineering

Department

Nanotechnology Program

Degree Name

MS in Nanotechnology

Graduation Date

Fall 2-15-2026

Submission Date

1-25-2026

First Advisor

Nageh Allam

Committee Member 1

Mohamed Orabi

Committee Member 2

Nabil Ahmed abdel Ghany

Committee Member 3

Ahmed Hamed

Extent

143p.

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Institutional Review Board (IRB) Approval

Approval has been obtained for this item

Disclosure of AI Use

Other

Other use of AI

Refining the language

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