Leveraging quality by design for the optimization of polycaprolactone/chitosan nanocomposites loaded with tamoxifen for breast cancer therapy

Funding Sponsor

American University in Cairo

Author's Department

Chemistry Department

Second Author's Department

Chemistry Department

Third Author's Department

Biology Department

Fourth Author's Department

Chemistry Department

Fifth Author's Department

Biology Department

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145226

All Authors

Samia Hammouda Rana R. Haikal Salma Dawood Noha El Salakawy Ahmed Abdellatif Wael Mamdouh

Document Type

Research Article

Publication Title

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Publication Date

8-1-2025

doi

10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145226

Abstract

With breast cancer being the most common type of cancer among women, novel treatments are still in demand to alleviate the many side effects of conventional therapies. In this study, a Quality by Design (QbD) concept was adopted for the development and optimization of tamoxifen loaded PCl/chitosan nanoparticles (Tam PCL-Cs-NPs) for prolonged release and improved drug solubility and bioavailability. Plackett–Burman design was used to determine the critical parameters crucial for the desired quality attributes, followed by a Box–Behnken design to evaluate and further optimize the delivery system. Optimized Tam-PCL-Cs-NPs exhibited a small particle size of 280 nm with a low PDI, and a sustained prolonged drug release over two weeks. Tam-PCL-Cs-NPs showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against cancerous MCF-7 and 4T1 cells with IC50 values of 176.6 μg/mL and 169.1 μg/mL, respectively, while demonstrating minimal toxicity to the non-cancerous cells at the same concentrations. The bacterial inhibition activity of Tam-PCL-Cs-NPs was also evaluated where the highest antibacterial activity was observed at 75 μg/mL and 150 μg/mL against E. coli and S. aureus respectively.

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