Optimizing biogas production with recycled iron nanoparticles: A sustainable approach to anaerobic digestion

Author's Department

Computer Science & Engineering Department

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.134266

All Authors

Abdallah A. Akar Esraa Yousry Rania Seif Nageh K. Allam

Document Type

Research Article

Publication Title

Fuel

Publication Date

4-15-2025

doi

10.1016/j.fuel.2024.134266

Abstract

This study explores the transformative potential of iron nanoparticles (NPs) derived from industrial waste and slag as cost-effective and sustainable alternatives to laboratory-synthesized nanoparticles (produced from high-purity chemicals) for enhancing biogas production through anaerobic digestion (AD) of cow manure. By leveraging recycled materials, the research aims to balance environmental sustainability and economic viability without compromising the performance typically achieved with laboratory-grade catalysts. A thorough characterization of both recycled and laboratory-synthesized iron nanoparticles confirmed their structural and catalytic parity. This validation ensures a fair comparison of their effectiveness in anaerobic digestion processes. Biogas reactors containing varying concentrations of nanoparticles (25, 50, and 100 mg/L) were evaluated. Remarkably, reactors using recycled nanoparticles at a concentration of 50 mg/L achieved a substantial 123.3 % increase in methane production and a 108.3 % rise in total biogas volume compared to control reactors. In contrast, reactors using laboratory-grade nanoparticles demonstrated relatively lower improvements of 114 % and 105 % for methane production and biogas yield, respectively. These findings underscore the capability of recycled iron nanoparticles to significantly enhance biogas yields while reducing reliance on costly laboratory-synthesized chemicals. The study highlights a dual advantage: improving renewable energy efficiency and advancing industrial waste recycling. This approach presents a practical, scalable pathway for integrating circular economy principles into renewable energy systems, offering a compelling case for sustainable innovation in biogas technology.

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