Externalising Migration Controls through Development Programs in Egypt

Author's Department

Sociology, Egyptology & Anthropology Department

Second Author's Department

Center for Migration and Refugee Studies

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https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2024.2316659

All Authors

Gerda Heck, Elena Habersky

Document Type

Research Article

Publication Title

Geopolitics

Publication Date

1-1-2024

doi

10.1080/14650045.2024.2316659

Abstract

Since the turn of the millennium, development aid has become more and more entangled with border externalization policies by political entities, such as the European Union. Responding to the increased arrival of refugees in 2015, the European Union formed the Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF), earmarking 3.4 billion Euros to fight “the root causes of irregular migration”on the African Continent. Within the scope of the EUTF, Egypt receives major funds from the program. This paper examines the impact of recently introduced development and livelihood programs, as well as educational and vocational training for migrants and refugees in Egypt under the EUTF. Thereby it shows how the EU aims at transforming Egypt from a so-called transit state to a destination country. The paper further explores how these programs are reshaping the political, humanitarian, as well as migratory landscapes in Egypt, and how EUTF funds are transforming the development, as well the humanitarian sector in the country, beyond its impacts on transit migration stricto sensu.

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Article. Record derived from SCOPUS.

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