Mapping metabolome changes in Luffa aegyptiaca Mill fruits at different maturation stages via MS-based metabolomics and chemometrics
Funding Sponsor
Academy of Scientific Research and Technology
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2019.10.009
Document Type
Research Article
Publication Title
Journal of Advanced Research
Publication Date
3-1-2021
doi
10.1016/j.jare.2019.10.009
Abstract
Introduction: Luffa aegyptiaca Mill, sponge gourd or Egyptian cucumber, is grown worldwide for its edible fruit consumed as a vegetable like cucumber. Unlike young fruit (YF), the fully mature ripened fruit (MF) is strongly fibrous and is used as a cleanser to make scrubbing bath sponges. YF undergoes a complex series of physiological and biochemical changes during fruit ripening. However, the chemical compositional differences between YF and MF in Luffa aegyptiaca have not been distinguished to date. Objectives: Comprehensively compare the metabolites profile of YF and MF to give insight on how maturation stage affects chemical composition. Methods: Mass-based metabolomics comprising GC/MS and UHPLC/MS were adopted in this study targeting its volatile and non-volatile metabolites coupled with chemometrics to rationalize for the differences. Results: A total of 53 volatile metabolites were identified via headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) comprising 66.2% aldehydes/furans, 51.6% alcohols, 38.2% ketones, 15.1% acids and 10.1% aromatics of which aldehydes/ furans were dominant at both fruit stages. Young fruit was in general more erniched in metabolites as revealed from UHPLC/MS and GC/MS analyses. The YF group encompassed higher levels of short chain alcohols (1-octen-3-ol) and aldehydes ((E)-2-hexenal and cucumber aldehyde) in addition to terpenoids (linalool). In contrast, fatty acids (octanoic acid) predominated MF specimens. UHPLC/MS analysis revealed for several oleanene triterpene glycosides as major secondary bioactive compounds, dihydroxy-oxo-oleanenoic acid glycoside found more abundant in YF versus MF as revealed from multivariate data analyses. Conclusions: Our results reveal for the distinct metabolite changes in L. aegyptiaca fruit in its different stages and to rationalize for its different usage.
First Page
179
Last Page
189
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APA Citation
Maamoun, A.
El-akkad, R.
&
Farag, M.
(2021). Mapping metabolome changes in Luffa aegyptiaca Mill fruits at different maturation stages via MS-based metabolomics and chemometrics. Journal of Advanced Research, 29, 179–189.
10.1016/j.jare.2019.10.009
https://fount.aucegypt.edu/faculty_journal_articles/2661
MLA Citation
Maamoun, Amal A., et al.
"Mapping metabolome changes in Luffa aegyptiaca Mill fruits at different maturation stages via MS-based metabolomics and chemometrics." Journal of Advanced Research, vol. 29, 2021, pp. 179–189.
https://fount.aucegypt.edu/faculty_journal_articles/2661