Deferred Cooling System for Desert Climates

Funding Sponsor

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit

Author's Department

Mechanical Engineering Department

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https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814019888057

Document Type

Research Article

Publication Title

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date

1-1-2020

doi

10.1177/1687814019888057

Abstract

© The Author(s) 2020. The paper presents the design of a novel heat rejection system suitable for desert climates where daytime temperatures are typically high, nighttime cooling through sky radiation exchange is highly effective, and freshwater is scarce. Desert climates also feature high solar energy intensities during daytime, which can be exploited to power thermodynamic cycles. However, such cycles reject heat during operation, and daytime temperatures are too high for employing air cooling whereas scarcity of freshwater limits the applicability of evaporative cooling. We propose a system that defers dissipation of heat rejected during daytime operation to nighttime when ambient conditions are much more favorable for heat dissipation to the atmosphere. The paper presents the proposed design, its method of operation, and its implementation in a solar-driven ice-making plant in Upper Egypt. A mathematical model was developed to predict system performance and support decision-making over equipment sizing. It was used to simulate the performance of the deferred cooling system over a week. Using weather data collected at New Cairo (30.02 °N latitude, 31.5 °E longitude) in April 2017, the model demonstrated that the system could achieve a maximum temperature drop of 16 °C, which corresponds to a cooling of 47 MJ/m2/night.

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